The sources we use
- WLTP homologation: official figures from manufacturers and type-approval authorities, used as a comparison baseline.
- Institutional publications: ADEME (life-cycle analyses, mobility), the International Energy Agency (IEA), the European Commission and AFIR for charging.
- Observatories and public data: registration statistics, charging-network data, official incentive schemes.
- Documented tests: consumption and charging-speed measurements published with an explicit protocol.
Where no reliable measurement exists, we publish a range and say so explicitly. We would rather give an honest range than invent a precise number.
How we convert WLTP range
The WLTP cycle is a laboratory test at 23 °C, with no heating, no wind and no elevation change. We apply explicit conversion factors, set out in the guide real range versus WLTP:
| Use | Mild weather | Winter |
|---|---|---|
| City and suburban | 0.95 | 0.75 |
| Road, 80–110 km/h | 0.85 | 0.65 |
| Motorway, 130 km/h | 0.70 | 0.55 |
These factors are rules of thumb derived from comparative measurements. They vary with the vehicle, the tyres and the terrain: they are meant to size a use case, not to guarantee an exact consumption figure.
Prices and costs
Price ranges are given in euros for the French market, excluding incentives and options, as of the page’s update date. Energy costs are based on common residential and public tariffs, with an assumed 10 % charging loss. Every worked example states its assumptions so you can replace them with your own.
Checking and updating
- Every guide shows a publication date and a last-revision date.
- Technical and regulatory topics are reviewed at least once a year.
- Changes to incentive schemes are checked on official sites before publication.
- Car-type pages are revised at every major segment renewal.
Correction policy
A reported factual error is verified and corrected within five working days. When the correction changes the meaning of a paragraph, an explicit note is added at the bottom of the article. No substantial change is erased without trace. To report an error: contact page.
Independence and transparency
Electric Car Salon receives no payment from manufacturers, charging networks or dealers. The site contains no affiliate links, no sponsored content and no targeted advertising. It uses no analytics or advertising cookies: no browsing data is collected.
Accepted limitations
Published figures do not replace a test drive on your usual routes. Range depends on terrain, wind, load, tyres and temperature. Prices vary by market, discount and version. Incentive schemes change every year. Use our data to frame a decision, then confirm the sensitive points (warranty, final price, incentives) with the manufacturer and official sources.